Broumov

Published: 19.8.2008
Historical town of Broumov is placed in Hradec Králové region, 30 kms approx. in north direction from the town of Náchod.

Broumov, Peace Square, the Marian ColumnBroumov is a town with wealthy history and many historical sightseeings. It creates, more than seven centuries, its natural economic, cultural and administrative centre of Broumov headland, between Broumov Walls range and Javoří Mountains. Its beautiful, not influenced nature invites many visitors.

The oldest monument of the town is, first of all, its historical nucleus of 13th century, along its urban district, above right bank of Stěnava river, there are to be found rests of town´s fortification.

Town´s dominante is, no doubt, Benedictine monastery of St.Wenceslas (it was declared as national monument). Anyway, its actual state is a result of its reconstruction in Baroque style of 1728-1733, at participation of many outstanding artists of that time Broumov(Christopher Dientzenhofer and his son Kilian Ignatius). In monastery basement, there are to be found rests of bodies of mummified citizens of Vamberk, priests and other important personalities, such as, for instance, a founder of famous Vamberk lace - Magdalene Gramb. In monastery area, you get acquaintance in museum with history of Broumov region. Further important sightseeing of a place, there is cemetery church of Virgin Mary - it is oldest sacral building in Bohemia - and one-storey town-hall building Broumovwith Virgin Mary column, situated in city centre.

Broumov is a starting point of several tourist trails leading to Broumov Walls as well as Javoří Mountains. Its outskirts, i.e. Broumov countryside and whole Kladsko-border area, offers for visiting many other places of interest and nature reservations, being prepared to satisfy all visitors. Unique phenomenon of the whole region is a lot of cycling routes, and, especially, „rocky towns“ and „table mountains“ - such as Broumov Walls, Adersbach-Teplice Rocks, and Ostaš. Also Ruprechtický Špičák look-out -tower offers interesting views to Broumov basin and Broumov Walls.

BroumovBroumov was founded in 1255 and its original regular ground-plan is preserved up to now. In 1275, Broumov obtained a privilege for weaving and sale of cloths. In the course of 16th century, local handicraftsmen, especially drapers, took leading position between manufacturers and exporters of cloths. In such way, there was started - for several centuries ahead - a tradition of textile industry. However, 17th century was mostly remarked by religious disputes, which broke out especially in 1680 during servitudes uprising. In Broumov church. Vaclavsecond half of 17th century, there was established, at local abbey, grammar schoul, later theological seminary, where studied several well-known personalities - as for instance Ernest of Pardubice, Bohuslav Balbín or Alois Jirásek. After several big fires (in 1543 and 1549), there was effected town´s reconstruction in Renaissance and Baroque style and renovation of town´s fortification. In 18th century, the town was unceasingly threatened by its neighbour - Prussia. This fact had a consequence - big fire in town in 1757. Silesia wars, including devastation and military troops movements, became a disaster for a town as well as for the whole dominion. Anyway, for the development of Broumov and all this region helped a lot the construction of railway line Choceň-Týniště nad Orlicí-Meziměstí-Broumov.

 

Text: Denisa Arvajová

Photo: Wikimedia Commons, Daniel Baránek, č.2, Dezidor, č.2, č.3, č.4



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